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MC13176D Folha de dados(PDF) 6 Page - Motorola, Inc

Nome de Peças MC13176D
Descrição Electrónicos  UHF FM/AM Transmitter
Download  18 Pages
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Fabricante Electrônico  MOTOROLA [Motorola, Inc]
Página de início  http://www.freescale.com
Logo MOTOROLA - Motorola, Inc

MC13176D Folha de dados(HTML) 6 Page - Motorola, Inc

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MC13176
6
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
Figure 8. Change in Oscillator Frequency
versus Oscillator Control Current
Figure 9. Change in Oscillator Frequency
versus Oscillator Control Current
–100
ICont, OSCILLATOR CONTROL CURRENT (µA)
0
100
300
600
200
400
500
–100
0
100
300
600
200
400
500
ICont, OSCILLATOR CONTROL CURRENT (µA)
VCC = 3.0 Vdc
Imod = 2.0 mA
TA = 25 °C
fosc (ICont @ 0) 320 MHz
VCC = 3.0 Vdc
Imod = 2.0 mA
TA = 25 °C
fosc (ICont @ 0) 450 MHz
20
10
0
–10
–20
–30
–40
20
10
0
–10
–20
–30
–40
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Evaluation PC Board
The evaluation PCB, shown in Figures 32 and 33, is very
versatile and is intended to be used across the entire useful
frequency range of this device. The center section of the
board provides an area for attaching all SMT components to
the circuit side and radial leaded components to the
component ground side of the PCB (see Figures 34 and 35).
Additionally, the peripheral area surrounding the RF core
provides pads to add supporting and interface circuitry as a
particular application dictates. This evaluation board will be
discussed and referenced in this section.
Current Controlled Oscillator (Pins 1 to 4)
It is critical to keep the interconnect leads from the CCO
(Pins 1 and 4) to the external inductor symmetrical and equal
in length. With a minimum inductor, the maximum free
running frequency is greater than 1.0 GHz. Since this
inductor will be small, it may be either a microstrip inductor,
an air wound inductor or a tuneable RF coil. An air wound
inductor may be tuned by spreading the windings, whereas
tuneable RF coils are tuned by adjusting the position of an
aluminum core in a threaded coilform. As the aluminum core
coupling to the windings is increased, the inductance is
decreased. The temperature coefficient using an aluminum
core is better than a ferrite core. The UniCoil
™ inductors
made by Coilcraft may be obtained with aluminum cores
(Part No. 51–129–169).
Ground (Pins 5, 10 and 15)
Ground Returns: It is best to take the grounds to a
backside ground plane via plated through holes or eyelets at
the pins. The application PCB layout implements this
technique. Note that the grounds are located at or less than
100 mils from the devices pins.
Decoupling: Decoupling each ground pin to VCC isolates
each section of the device by reducing interaction between
sections and by localizing circulating currents.
Loop Characteristics (Pins 6 and 7)
Figure 10 is the component block diagram of the
MC13176D PLL system where the loop characteristics are
described by the gain constants. Access to individual
components of this PLL system is limited, inasmuch as the
loop is only pinned out at the phase detector output and the
frequency control input for the CCO. However, this allows for
characterization of the gain constants of these loop
components. The gain constants Kp, Ko and Kn are well
defined in the MC13176.
Phase Detector (Pin 7)
With the loop in lock, the difference frequency output of the
phase detector is DC voltage that is a function of the phase
difference. The sinusoidal type detector used in this IC has
the following transfer characteristic:
Ie = A Sin θe
The gain factor of the phase detector, Kp (with the loop in lock)
is specified as the ratio of DC output current, le to phase
error,
θe:
Kp = Ie/θe (Amps/radians)
Kp = A Sin θe/θe
Sin
θe ~ θe for θe ≤ 0.2 radians;
thus, Kp = A (Amps/radians)
Figure 7 shows that the detector DC
current is
approximately
30
µA where the loop loses lock
at
θe =+ π/2 radians; therefore, Kp is 30 µA/radians.
Current Controlled Oscillator, CCO (Pin 6)
Figures 8 and 9 show the non–linear change in frequency
of the oscillator over an extended range of control current for
320 and 450 MHz applications. K o ranges from
approximately 6.3x105 rad/sec/
µA or 100 kHz/µA (Figure 8)
to 8.8x105 rad/sec/
µA or 140 kHz/µA (Figure 9) over a
relatively linear response of control current (0 to 100
µA). The
oscillator gain factor depends on the operating range of the
control current (i.e., the slope is not constant). Included in the
CCO gain factor is the internal amplifier which can sink and
source at least 30
µA of input current from the phase
detector. The internal circuitry at Pin 6 limits the CCO control
current to 50
µA of source capability while its sink capability
exceeds 200
µA as shown in Figures 8 and 9. Further
information to follow shows how to use the full capabilities of
the CCO by addition of an external loop amplifier and filter
(see Figure 14). This additional circuitry yields at Ko =
0.145 MHz/
µA or 9.1x105 rad/sec/µA.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
ARCHIVED BY FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC. 2005


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