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ML4800CS Folha de dados(PDF) 10 Page - Fairchild Semiconductor

Nome de Peças ML4800CS
Descrição Electrónicos  Power Factor Correction and PWM Controller Combo
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Fabricante Electrônico  FAIRCHILD [Fairchild Semiconductor]
Página de início  http://www.fairchildsemi.com
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ML4800CS Folha de dados(HTML) 10 Page - Fairchild Semiconductor

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ML4800
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
10
REV. 1.0.5 9/25/01
Oscillator (RAMP 1)
The oscillator frequency is determined by the values of RT
and CT, which determine the ramp and off-time of the
oscillator output clock:
The dead time of the oscillator is derived from the following
equation:
at VREF = 7.5V:
The dead time of the oscillator may be determined using:
The dead time is so small (tRAMP >> tDEADTIME) that the
operating frequency can typically be approximated by:
EXAMPLE:
For the application circuit shown in the data sheet, with the
oscillator running at:
Solving for RT x CT yields 1.96 x 10-4. Selecting standard
components values, CT = 390pF, and RT = 51.1kΩ.
The dead time of the oscillator adds to the Maximum PWM
Duty Cycle (it is an input to the Duty Cycle Limiter). With
zero oscillator dead time, the Maximum PWM Duty Cycle is
typically 45%. In many applications, care should be taken
that CT not be made so large as to extend the Maximum Duty
Cycle beyond 50%. This can be accomplished by using a
stable 390pF capacitor for CT.
PWM SECTION
Pulse Width Modulator
The PWM section of the ML4800 is straightforward, but
there are several points which should be noted. Foremost
among these is its inherent synchronization to the PFC
section of the device, from which it also derives its basic
timing. The PWM is capable of current-mode or voltage
mode operation. In current-mode applications, the PWM
ramp (RAMP 2) is usually derived directly from a current
sensing resistor or current transformer in the primary of the
output stage, and is thereby representative of the current
flowing in the converter’s output stage. DC ILIMIT, which
provides cycle-by-cycle current limiting, is typically con-
nected to RAMP 2 in such applications. For voltage-mode
operation or certain specialized applications, RAMP 2 can
be connected to a separate RC timing network to generate a
voltage ramp against which VDC will be compared. Under
these conditions, the use of voltage feedforward from the
PFC buss can assist in line regulation accuracy and response.
As in current mode operation, the DC ILIMIT input is used
for output stage overcurrent protection.
No voltage error amplifier is included in the PWM stage of
the ML4800, as this function is generally performed on the
output side of the PWM’s isolation boundary. To facilitate
the design of optocoupler feedback circuitry, an offset has
been built into the PWM’s RAMP 2 input which allows VDC
to command a zero percent duty cycle for input voltages
below 1.25V.
PWM Current Limit
The DC ILIMIT pin is a direct input to the cycle-by-cycle
current limiter for the PWM section. Should the input
voltage at this pin ever exceed 1V, the output of the PWM
will be disabled until the output flip-flop is reset by the clock
pulse at the start of the next PWM power cycle.
VIN OK Comparator
The VIN OK comparator monitors the DC output of the PFC
and inhibits the PWM if this voltage on VFB is less than its
nominal 2.45V. Once this voltage reaches 2.45V, which
corresponds to the PFC output capacitor being charged to its
rated boost voltage, the soft-start begins.
PWM Control (RAMP 2)
When the PWM section is used in current mode, RAMP 2
is generally used as the sampling point for a voltage
representing the current in the primary of the PWM’s output
transformer, derived either by a current sensing resistor or a
current transformer. In voltage mode, it is the input for a
ramp voltage generated by a second set of timing compo-
nents (RRAMP2, CRAMP2), that will have a minimum value of
zero volts and should have a peak value of approximately 5V.
In voltage mode operation, feedforward from the PFC output
buss is an excellent way to derive the timing ramp for the
PWM stage.
Soft Start
Start-up of the PWM is controlled by the selection of the
external capacitor at SS. A current source of 25µA supplies
the charging current for the capacitor, and start-up of the
PWM begins at 1.25V. Start-up delay can be programmed by
the following equation:
f
OSC
1
t
RAMP
t
DEADTIME
+
----------------------------------------------------
=
(2)
t
RAMP
C
T
R
T
×
In
V
REF
1.25
V
REF
3.75
------------------------------
×
=
(3)
t
RAMP
C
T
R
T
×
0.51
×
=
t
DEADTIME
2.5V
5.5mA
-----------------
C
T
×
450
C
T
×
==
(4)
f
OSC
1
t
RAMP
----------------
=
(5)
f
OSC
100kHz
1
t
RAMP
----------------
==
C
SS
t
DELAY
25
µA
1.25V
---------------
×
=
(6)


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