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MC13077 Folha de dados(PDF) 6 Page - Motorola, Inc

Nome de Peças MC13077
Descrição Electrónicos  ADVANCED PAL/NTSC ENCODER
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Fabricante Electrônico  MOTOROLA [Motorola, Inc]
Página de início  http://www.freescale.com
Logo MOTOROLA - Motorola, Inc

MC13077 Folha de dados(HTML) 6 Page - Motorola, Inc

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MC13077
6
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Composite Sync Input
Other than the component video inputs to be encoded,
only Composite Sync is required for encoding the
components into a composite signal compatible with either
the NTSC or PAL standard. The Composite Sync input is
used internally for determining which standard to encode to,
for driving the black level clamps, and to set the timing of the
composite sync in the outputs.
The Composite Sync/Sync Separator input was designed
to accept AC or DC coupled inputs making it possible to drive
the sync input from a variety of sources. An interesting note is
that composite video can also be used for sync input. The
threshold of the sync input is 1.4 Vdc. Figure 2 shows the
requirements for sync input.
Figure 2. Sync Input Amplitude Requirements
Baseline Voltage
Sync Tip Voltage
VCC
1.4 V
Sync Input
Gnd
Both serrated and block vertical sync can be used for
NTSC applications. PAL applications require a serrated
vertical sync. The serrations at the horizontal rate trigger the
PAL flip–flop to generate the swinging burst.
Even though the sync input of the MC13077 is well suited
for TTL interface, some functions of the IC are susceptible to
the high energy present in such signals and may be
disturbed. This disturbance may take the form of a noise
spike in the video outputs and/or a disturbance of the 4x
oscillator resulting in an incorrect encoding of the chroma
information. Therefore, it is recommended that if TTL or other
fast–edged inputs are going to be used for the sync input,
then either the amplitude and/or the edge speed of the sync
input pulse should be reduced. 300 mVpp of sync without a
reduction of edge speed has to be shown to produce
disturbance free operation. Also, a sync input of 4.0 Vpp and
edge rates of 225 ns have been shown to produce similar
results. Figure 3 shows a recommended coupling circuit for
TTL type composite sync.
Figure 3. TTL Sync Input Circuit
5.1 k
240
0.1
µ
TTL Sync
7
Luma and Color Difference Clamps
Clamping for the MC13077 occurs once every horizontal
line during sync. The absence of color creates a color
difference component voltage of zero, this null is used to
generate a reference voltage for black in the video outputs.
The clamp capacitors at Pins 5, 15 and 16 are used to store
the reference voltage during the line period.
RGB Inputs
To encode RGB, the component video inputs (Pins 12, 13,
14) are applied to the Luma (Y) and color difference (R–Y,
B–Y) matrix. The color difference signals are then
conditioned by Sallen–key low pass filters (f–3dB = 4.0 MHz).
The inputs are designed so that 700 mVpp RGB provides
100% color saturation.
The first color difference component (R–Y) is created by
matrixing the RGB components with the following weights:
R–Y = 0.70R – 0.59G – 0.11B
(1)
The second color difference signal (B–Y) is created in a
similar fashion by the equation:
B–Y = 0.89B – 0.59G – 0.30R
(2)
These two components then receive burst flag before being
modulated by the color subcarrier to create composite
chroma.
The luma is also the result of a weighted matrixing of the
RGB components. The components and corresponding
weights are:
Y = 0.30R + 0.59G + 0.11B
(3)
Composite sync is then added to the result of Equation 3 to
create composite luma.
The luma information thus created must be eventually
recombined with the chroma information. However, since the
chroma information created by Equations 1 and 2 is filtered
internally before being modulated then bandlimited
externally, the resultant encoded chroma experiences a
group delay that is the sum of the delay imposed by the
internal and external filtering.
So, the composite luma is
output at Pin 10 so that an external delay can be inserted in
the path to match the delay incurred by the composite
chroma. The delayed composite luma is then input back into
the MC13077 at Pin 6.
Color Difference Inputs
If the MC13077 is intended to encode color difference
signals (YUV or Y, R–Y, B–Y), it becomes necessary to
bypass the color difference and luma matrix circuitry. This
can be accomplished by inputing directly to the color
modulators the color difference signals. 491 mVpp and
349 mVpp should be input to the R–Y and B–Y Clamp pins
(Pin 16 and Pin 15) respectively, to achieve 100% color
saturation in the composite video output. The luma
information can be input in two ways. The luma can be input
directly into the RGB inputs (700 mVpp without sync), or
through the delay line (1.0 Vpp with sync, sync tip–to–peak
white) in which case the RGB inputs should be cap–coupled
to ground. In either case, composite sync still needs to be
input to the MC13077 at Pin 7 (see Figures 11, 12 and 13).
If the R–Y and B–Y inputs also have burst flag, it can also
be input along with the color difference signals at these pins.
Of course, now since the color difference modulator
pre–filtering is circumvented, the delay for the luma
information should be matched only to the delay of the
bandpass filter.


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