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CA3306A Folha de dados(PDF) 11 Page - Intersil Corporation

Nome de Peças CA3306A
Descrição Electrónicos  6-Bit, 15 MSPS, Flash A/D Converters
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Fabricante Electrônico  INTERSIL [Intersil Corporation]
Página de início  http://www.intersil.com/cda/home
Logo INTERSIL - Intersil Corporation

CA3306A Folha de dados(HTML) 11 Page - Intersil Corporation

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11
Device Operation
A sequential parallel technique is used by the CA3306
converter to obtain its high speed operation. The sequence
consists of the “Auto Balance” phase
φ1 and the “Sample
Unknown” phase
φ2. (Refer to the circuit diagram.) Each
conversion takes one clock cycle (see Note). With the phase
control low, the “Auto Balance” (
φ1) occurs during the High
period of the clock cycle, and the “Sample Unknown” (
φ2)
occurs during the low period of the clock cycle.
During the “Auto Balance” phase, a transmission-gate switch
is used to connect each of 64 commutating capacitors to
their associated ladder reference tap. Those tap voltages will
be as follows:
VTAP (N) = [(VREF/64) x N] - [VREF/(2 x 64)]
= VREF[(2N - 1)/126],
Where: VTAP (N) = reference ladder tap voltage at point N,
VREF = voltage across VREF- to VREF+,
N = tap number (I through 64).
NOTE: This device requires only a single-phase clock The
terminology of
φ1 and φ2 refers to the High and Low periods of the
same clock.
The other side of the capacitor is connected to a single-
stage inverting amplifier whose output is shorted to its input
by a switch. This biases the amplifier at its intrinsic trip point,
which is approximately, (VDD - VSS)/2. The capacitors now
charge to their associated tap voltages, priming the circuit
for the next phase.
In the “Sample Unknown” phase, all ladder tap switches are
opened, the comparator amplifiers are no longer shorted,
and VlN is switched to all 64 capacitors. Since the other end
of the capacitor is now looking into an effectively open cir-
cuit, any voltage that differs from the previous tap voltage
will appear as a voltage shift at the comparator amplifiers. All
comparators whose tap voltages were lower than VlN will
drive the comparator outputs to a “low” state. All compara-
tors whose tap voltages were higher than VlN will drive the
comparator outputs to a “high” state. A second, capacitor-
coupled, auto-zeroed amplifier further amplifies the outputs.
The status of all these comparator amplifiers are stored at the
end of this phase (
φ2), by a secondary latching amplifier stage.
Once latched, the status of the 64 comparators is decoded by
a 64-bit 7-bit decode array and the results are clocked into a
storage register at the rising edge of the next
φ2.
A three-state buffer is used at the output of the 7 storage
registers which are controlled by two chip-enable signals.
CE1 will independently disable 81 through 86 when it is in a
high state. CE2 will independently disable B1 through B6
and the OF buffers when it is in the low state (Table 1).
To facilitate usage of this device a phase-control input is
provided which can effectively complement the clock as it
enters the chip. Also, an on-board zener is provided for use
as a reference voltage.
Continuous Clock Operation
One complete conversion cycle can be traced through the
CA3306 via the following steps. (Refer to timing diagram,
Figure 1.) With the phase control in a “High” state, the rising
edge of the clock input will start a “sample” phase. During this
entire “High” state of the clock, the 64 comparators will track
the input voltage and the 64 latches will track the comparator
outputs. At the falling edge of the clock, after the specified
aperture delay, all 64 comparator outputs are captured by the
64 latches. This ends the “sample” phase and starts the “auto
balance” phase for the comparators. During this “Low” state
of the clock the output of the latches propagates through the
decode array and a 7-bit code appears at the D inputs of the
output registers. On the next rising edge of the clock, this 7-
bit code is shifted into the output registers and appears with
time delay to as valid data at the output of the three-state
drivers. This also marks the start of a new “sample” phase,
thereby repeating the conversion process for this next cycle.
Pulse Mode Operation
For sampling high speed nonrecurrent or transient data, the
converter may be operated in a pulse mode in one of three
ways. The fastest method is to keep the converter in the
Sample Unknown phase,
φ2, during the standby state. The
device can now be pulsed through the Auto Balance phase
with a single pulse. The analog value is captured on the
leading edge of
φ1 and is transferred into the output registers
on the trailing edge of
φ1. We are now back in the standby
state,
φ2, and another conversion can be started, but not
later than 5
µs due to the eventual droop of the commutating
capacitors. Another advantage of this method is that it has
the potential of having the lowest power drain. The larger the
time ratio between
φ2 and φ1, the lower the power consump-
tion. (See Timing Waveform, Figure 3.)
The second method uses the Auto Balance phase,
φ1, as
the standby state. In this state the converter can stay indefi-
nitely waiting to start a conversion. A conversion is per-
formed by strobing the clock input with two
φ2 pulses. The
first pulse starts a Sample Unknown phase and captures the
analog value in the comparator latches on the trailing edge.
A second
φ2 pulse is needed to transfer the data into the out-
put registers. This occurs on the leading edge of the second
pulse. The conversion now takes slightly longer, but the rep-
etition rate may be as slow as desired. The disadvantage to
this method is the higher device dissipation due to the low
ratio of
φ2 to φ1. (See Timing Waveform, Figure 3B.)
For applications requiring both indefinite standby and lowest
power, standby can be in the
φ2 (Sample Unknown) state
with two
φ1 pulses to generate valid data (see Figure 3C).
Valid data now appears two full clock cycles after starting the
conversion process.
Analog Input Considerations
The CA3306 input terminal is characterized by a small
capacitance (see Specifications) and a small voltage-
dependent current (See Typical Performance Curves). The
signal-source impedance should be kept low, however,
when operating the CA3306 at high clock rates.
CA3306, CA3306A, CA3306C


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