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AD7894AR-3 Folha de dados(PDF) 5 Page - Analog Devices |
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AD7894AR-3 Folha de dados(HTML) 5 Page - Analog Devices |
5 / 12 page AD7894 –5– REV. 0 TERMINOLOGY Signal to (Noise + Distortion) Ratio This is the measured ratio of signal to (noise + distortion) at the output of the A/D converter. The signal is the rms amplitude of the fundamental. Noise is the rms sum of all nonfundamental signals up to half the sampling frequency (fS/2), excluding dc. The ratio is dependent upon the number of quantization levels in the digitization process; the more levels, the smaller the quan- tization noise. The theoretical signal to (noise + distortion) ratio for an ideal N-bit converter with a sine wave input is given by: Signal to (Noise + Distortion) = (6.02 N + 1.76) dB Thus for a 14-bit converter, this is 86.04 dB. Total Harmonic Distortion Total harmonic distortion (THD) is the ratio of the rms sum of harmonics to the fundamental. For the AD7894, it is defined as: THD dB VVV V V V ( ) log = ++ + + 20 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 1 where V1 is the rms amplitude of the fundamental and V2, V3, V4, V5 and V6 are the rms amplitudes of the second through the sixth harmonics. Peak Harmonic or Spurious Noise Peak harmonic or spurious noise is defined as the ratio of the rms value of the next largest component in the ADC output spectrum (up to fS/2 and excluding dc) to the rms value of the fundamental. The value of this specification is normally deter- mined by the largest harmonic in the spectrum, but for parts where the harmonics are buried in the noise floor, it will be a noise peak. Intermodulation Distortion With inputs consisting of sine waves at two frequencies, fa and fb, any active device with nonlinearities will create distortion products at sum and difference frequencies of mfa ± nfb where m, n = 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. Intermodulation terms are those for which neither m nor n is equal to zero. For example, the second order terms include (fa + fb) and (fa – fb), while the third order terms include (2 fa + fb), (2 fa – fb), (fa + 2 fb) and (fa – 2 fb). The AD7894 is tested using two input frequencies. In this case, the second and third order terms are of different significance. The second order terms are usually distanced in frequency from the original sine waves, while the third order terms are usually at a frequency close to the input frequencies. As a result, the second and third order terms are specified separately. The calculation of the intermodulation distortion is as per the THD specification where it is the ratio of the rms sum of the individual distortion products to the rms amplitude of the fundamental expressed in dBs. Relative Accuracy Relative accuracy or endpoint nonlinearity is the maximum deviation from a straight line passing through the endpoints of the ADC transfer function. Differential Nonlinearity This is the difference between the measured and the ideal 1 LSB change between any two adjacent codes in the ADC. Positive Gain Error (AD7894-10) This is the deviation of the last code transition (01 . . . 110 to 01 . . . 111) from the ideal (4 × VREF – 1 LSB) after the Bipolar Zero Error has been adjusted out. Positive Gain Error (AD7894-3) This is the deviation of the last code transition (01 . . . 110 to 01 . . . 111) from the ideal (VREF – 1 LSB) after the Bipolar Zero Error has been adjusted out. Positive Gain Error (AD7894-2) This is the deviation of the last code transition (11 . . . 110 to 11 . . . 111) from the ideal (VREF – 1 LSB) after the Unipolar Offset Error has been adjusted out. Bipolar Zero Error (AD7894-10, AD7894-3) This is the deviation of the midscale transition (all 0s to all 1s) from the ideal 0 V (GND). Unipolar Offset Error (AD7894-2) This is the deviation of the first code transition (00 . . . 000 to 00 . . . 001) from the ideal 1 LSB. Negative Gain Error (AD7894-10) This is the deviation of the first code transition (10 . . . 000 to 10 . . . 001) from the ideal (–4 × VREF + 1 LSB) after Bipolar Zero Error has been adjusted out. Negative Gain Error (AD7894-3) This is the deviation of the first code transition (10 . . . 000 to 10 . . . 001) from the ideal (– VREF + 1 LSB) after Bipolar Zero Error has been adjusted out. Track/Hold Acquisition Time Track/Hold acquisition time is the time required for the output of the track/hold amplifier to reach its final value, within ±1/2 LSB, after the end of conversion (the point at which the track/hold returns to track mode). It also applies to situations where there is a step input change on the input voltage applied to the VIN input of the AD7894. This means that the user must wait for the duration of the track/hold acquisition time after the end of conversion or after a step input change to VIN before starting another conversion, to ensure that the part operates to specification. |
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