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AD630AR Folha de dados(PDF) 11 Page - Analog Devices

Nome de Peças AD630AR
Descrição Electrónicos  Balanced Modulator/Demodulator
Download  13 Pages
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Fabricante Electrônico  AD [Analog Devices]
Página de início  http://www.analog.com
Logo AD - Analog Devices

AD630AR Folha de dados(HTML) 11 Page - Analog Devices

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REV. E
AD630
–10–
500 s/DIV
B. 200mV/DIV
C. 200mV/DIV
3
[T]
T
A. 200mV/DIV
Figure 13. AC Bridge Waveforms (1 V Excitation)
LOCK-IN AMPLIFIER APPLICATIONS
Lock-in amplification is a technique used to separate a small,
narrow-band signal from interfering noise. The lock-in amplifier
acts as a detector and narrow-band filter combined. Very small
signals can be detected in the presence of large amounts of
uncorrelated noise when the frequency and phase of the desired
signal are known.
The lock-in amplifier is basically a synchronous demodulator
followed by a low-pass filter. An important measure of performance
in a lock-in amplifier is the dynamic range of its demodulator.
The schematic diagram of a demonstration circuit which exhibits
the dynamic range of an AD630 as it might be used in a lock-in
amplifier is shown in Figure 14. Figure 15 is an oscilloscope
photo demonstrating the large dynamic range of the AD630.
The photo shows the recovery of a signal modulated at 400 Hz
from a noise signal approximately 100,000 times larger.
A
B
10k
100R
C
OUTPUT
LOW-PASS
FILTER
A
B
C
R
100R
AD630
10k
5k
2.5k
2.5k
20
19
17
1
16
AD542
13
AD542
14
10
9
CLIPPED
BAND-LIMITED
WHITE NOISE
100dB
ATTENUATION
0.1Hz
MODULATED
400Hz
CARRIER
CARRIER
PHASE
REFERENCE
15
Figure 14. Lock-In Amplifier
100
90
10
0%
5V
5V
5s
5mV
MODULATED SIGNAL (A)
(UNATTENUATED)
ATTENUATED SIGNAL
PLUS NOISE (B)
OUTPUT
Figure 15. Lock-In Amplifier Waveforms
The test signal is produced by modulating a 400 Hz carrier with
a 0.1 Hz sine wave. The signals produced, for example, by
chopped radiation (i.e., IR, optical) detectors may have similar
low frequency components. A sinusoidal modulation is used for
clarity of illustration. This signal is produced by a circuit similar
to Figure 9b and is shown in the upper trace of Figure 15. It is
attenuated 100,000 times normalized to the output, B, of the
summing amplifier. A noise signal that might represent, for
example, background and detector noise in the chopped radia-
tion case, is added to the modulated signal by the summing
amplifier. This signal is simply band limited clipped white noise.
Figure 15 shows the sum of attenuated signal plus noise in the
center trace. This combined signal is demodulated synchro-
nously using phase information derived from the modulator,
and the result is low-pass filtered using a 2-pole simple filter
which also provides a gain of 100 to the output. This recovered
signal is the lower trace of Figure 15.
The combined modulated signal and interfering noise used for
this illustration is similar to the signals often requiring a lock-in
amplifier for detection. The precision input performance of the
AD630 provides more than 100 dB of signal range and its
dynamic response permits it to be used with carrier frequencies
more than two orders of magnitude higher than in this example.
A more sophisticated low-pass output filter will aid in rejecting
wider bandwidth interference.


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