LM358N datasheet(8/25 Pages) NSC

Nome de Peças	LM358N

Descrição Electrónicos	Low Power Dual Operational Amplifiers

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Fabricante Electrônico	NSC [National Semiconductor (TI)]

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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Input Current (LM2902 only)

Voltage Gain (LM2902 only)

00778746

00778747

Application Hints

The LM158 series are op amps which operate with only a

single power supply voltage, have true-differential inputs,

and remain in the linear mode with an input common-mode

voltage of 0 V

DC. These amplifiers operate over a wide range

of power supply voltage with little change in performance

characteristics. At 25˚C amplifier operation is possible down

to a minimum supply voltage of 2.3 V

DC.

Precautions should be taken to insure that the power supply

for the integrated circuit never becomes reversed in polarity

or that the unit is not inadvertently installed backwards in a

test socket as an unlimited current surge through the result-

ing forward diode within the IC could cause fusing of the

internal conductors and result in a destroyed unit.

Large differential input voltages can be easily accomodated

and, as input differential voltage protection diodes are not

needed, no large input currents result from large differential

input voltages. The differential input voltage may be larger

than V

+ without damaging the device. Protection should be

provided to prevent the input voltages from going negative

more than −0.3 V

DC (at 25˚C). An input clamp diode with a

resistor to the IC input terminal can be used.

To reduce the power supply current drain, the amplifiers

have a class A output stage for small signal levels which

converts to class B in a large signal mode. This allows the

amplifiers to both source and sink large output currents.

Therefore both NPN and PNP external current boost transis-

tors can be used to extend the power capability of the basic

amplifiers. The output voltage needs to raise approximately

1 diode drop above ground to bias the on-chip vertical PNP

transistor for output current sinking applications.

For ac applications, where the load is capacitively coupled to

the output of the amplifier, a resistor should be used, from

the output of the amplifier to ground to increase the class A

bias current and prevent crossover distortion. Where the

load is directly coupled, as in dc applications, there is no

crossover distortion.

Capacitive loads which are applied directly to the output of

the amplifier reduce the loop stability margin. Values of 50

pF can be accomodated using the worst-case non-inverting

unity gain connection. Large closed loop gains or resistive

isolation should be used if larger load capacitance must be

driven by the amplifier.

The bias network of the LM158 establishes a drain current

which is independent of the magnitude of the power supply

voltage over the range of 3 V

DC to 30 VDC.

Output short circuits either to ground or to the positive power

supply should be of short time duration. Units can be de-

stroyed, not as a result of the short circuit current causing

metal fusing, but rather due to the large increase in IC chip

dissipation which will cause eventual failure due to exces-

sive function temperatures. Putting direct short-circuits on

more than one amplifier at a time will increase the total IC

power dissipation to destructive levels, if not properly pro-

tected with external dissipation limiting resistors in series

with the output leads of the amplifiers. The larger value of

output source current which is available at 25˚C provides a

larger output current capability at elevated temperatures

(see typical performance characteristics) than a standard IC

op amp.

The circuits presented in the section on typical applications

emphasize operation on only a single power supply voltage.

If complementary power supplies are available, all of the

standard op amp circuits can be used. In general, introduc-

ing a pseudo-ground (a bias voltage reference of V

+/2) will

allow operation above and below this value in single power

supply systems. Many application circuits are shown which

take advantage of the wide input common-mode voltage

range which includes ground. In most cases, input biasing is

not required and input voltages which range to ground can

easily be accommodated.

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